High-temperature steam sterilisation, common for instruments and many liquids, would destroy or degrade most peptides. The alternative is physical: passing the solution through a filter with 0.22 µm pores, small enough to hold back bacteria, under aseptic conditions.
In manufacturing, the peptide solution is filtered before being dispensed into vials and freeze-dried. The rest of the process (filling, freeze-drying and sealing) must take place in an environment that keeps that sterility.
Filtration has limits worth knowing: it does not remove endotoxins (they are molecules far smaller than a bacterium), it does not retain all viruses and, with very dilute or hydrophobic peptides, part of the material can stick to the membrane.
Filtration guarantees the absence of bacteria, not of endotoxins. That is why both controls are requested separately.
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Definition for educational and scientific purposes. It is not medical advice or a recommendation for use. NeoPeptidos products are sold labelled for research use only (RUO).